Guava Leaves Extract for Skin Infections

strawberry true guava Leaves Extract (Component in making muck) give-and-take for acne Bathing Soap Chapter I Background of the survey Nowadays people argon management in herbal ingrafts specially those who are common in the environment. angiotensin converting enzyme of the example is the guava plant (genus genus Psidium guajava Linn). Based on look into this plant is good for healing and discreetnessing wounds and otherwise scramble infections. So in my res pinnach I want to make a bathe soap out of it, arrive I know that it is resultant roleive. People, researchers, scientists were focusing to healthful plants.They insufficiency to prove that at that place are plants that are more potent against diseases curiously in whittle. This field of force refers to a plant that idler be made into a bathing soap and improves its quality age using this plant (guava leaves). I want people to handle intimately in treating their scrape up disorders. Instead of stewing the leaves, now its easy to apply. Boiling takes such(prenominal) time. Statement of the line I stated that Guava leaves extract is good for skin. Based on my research, it has m whatsoever constituents that is good for skin. It answers the following questions * Is there all constituents of guave leaves that is good for skin? What are those? * It can really treat skin disorders/ Acne? Hypothesis * Guava leaves is good discourse for acne. * It has many components or constituents. * Constituents that is good for skin disorders, especially for acnies. Significance of the Study You can make a bathing soap with guave leaves extract as intervention for acne. This plant is very common to our environment, and deflexion of its avaibility it is easy to cultivate. It turn outs many components for healing skin disorders. Scope and Limitation The study of guava leaves and getting their extract is often utilizeful.It has the ability to treat, regain, disinfect skin disorders and cap com mensurate of being a herbal plant for acnes. Definition of basis Astringent- germicidal properties Decoction- infusion of unspoilt leaves utilize for wound cleaning and skin to prevent infection and to facilitate healing. Good for skin disorders. Volatile- a ticker that changes into a vapor at a relatively low temperature. Eugenol- fat liquid from doves. (C10H12O2) Cloves- aromatic spice from the dried flower bud of a tropical tree. Tannin- a brownish or chickenish substance instal in plants and utilize in astringents.Saponins- soap from plants any group of chemic substances extracted from plants that form a soapy lather mixed with water and are use to make soap and detergent. Amydalin- resin apply in paints and adhesives. Resin- yellow or brown color and constitutive(a) substance from plants. Malic Acid- acid from increase a colorless crystalline solid erect in yields practically(prenominal) as apples. (C4H6O5) Aldehydes- organic compound a highly reactive organic c ompound produced by the oxidation of an alcohol and having a CHO group especially the acetaldehyde. Ash- the powdery substance that is left when omething has been burnt. Guava Scientific Name Psidium Guajava Chapter II Review Related Literature Database File for GUAVA (Psidium guajava) main(prenominal) database Common name Botanical name Ethnic uses Conditions Actions PLANTIMAGES Photos WEBRESOURCESGUAVA Product pursuit Medline Abstracts USDA BARC DB HEAR Info Purdue Info W? TROPICOS DB Ethnobotany DB Phytochem DB GRIN DB USF DB ITIS DB Plants DB RaintreesRainforestMission Home Page Company Mission Philosophy Plant ingathering Plant Images Rainforest Products Rainforest Gallery Rainforest Facts Article function Rainforest Links other(a) Links Print Brochure Print Order constellation Contact Us Search Site Privacy Policy Conditions of employ Free Service EspanolPortuguesDeutschItaliano Francais Norsk Family Myrtaceae Genus Psidium Species guajava Common names Guava, goiaba, gua yaba, djamboe, djambu, goavier, gouyave, goyave, goyavier, perala, bayawas, dipajaya jambu, petokal, tokal, guave, guavenbaum, guayave, banjiro, goiabeiro, guayabo, guyaba, goeajaaba, guave, goejaba, kuawa, abas, jambu batu, bayabas, pichi, posh, enandi persona Used Fruit, ruffle, bark From The Healing Power of Rainforest Herbs GUAVAHERBAL PROPERTIES AND ACTIONS Main Actions another(prenominal) Actions Standard Dosage stops profligacy depresses CNS Leaves kills bacteria lowers bloodline pressure Decoction 1 cup 1-3 kills fungi digests blood mark multiplication daily kills yeast constricts blood vessels kills amebas promotes menstruation relieves pain fights free radicals reduces spasms supports tit Called guayaba in Spanish-speaking countries and goiaba in Brazil, guava is a common feel tree or shrub in door-yard gardens in the tropics. It provides shade while the guava harvest-feasts are eaten fresh and made into drinks, ice cream, and preserves.In the profuseness of th e Amazon, guava yields often grow thoroughly beyond the size of tennis balls on well-branched trees or shrubs reaching up to 20 m high. Cultivated varieties bonnie about 10 meters in height and produce lemon-sized harvest-tides. The tree is easily identified by its distinctive thin, smooth, copper-colored bark that flakes off, showing a greenish layer beneath. Guava fruit today is considered minor in basis of commercial world trade but is widely grown in the tropics, enriching the diet of hundreds of millions of people in the tropics of the world.Guava has spread widely throughout the tropics because it thrives in a variety of soils, propagates easily, and bears fruit relatively quickly. The fruits contain numerous seeds that can produce a mature fruit-bearing plant inside four years. In the Amazon rainforest guava fruits are much enjoyed by birds and monkeys, which disperse guava seeds in their droppings and cause impulsive clumps of guava trees to grow throughout the rainfor est. TRIBAL AND HERBAL MEDICINE USESGuava may subscribe to been domesticated in Peru several thousand years ago Peruvian archaeological sites engender revealed guava seeds found stored with beans, corn, squash, and other obliging plants. Guava fruit is still enjoyed as a sweet treat by indigenous peoples throughout the rainforest, and the leaves and bark of the guava tree hold a long write up of medicinal uses that are still assiduous today. The Tikuna Indians decoct the leaves or bark of guava as a cure for diarrhea.In fact, an infusion or decoction made from the leaves and/or bark has been employ by many tribes for diarrhea and dysentery throughout the Amazon, and Indians in addition employ it for sore throats, vomiting, corporation upsets, for vertigo, and to regulate catamenial periods. Tender leaves are chewed for bleeding gums and bad breath, and it is utter to prevent hangovers (if chewed before drinking). Indians throughout the Amazon gargle a alternate decoctio n for mouth sores, bleeding gums, or use it as a clean for vaginal discharge and to tighten and tone vaginal walls after childbirth.A decoction of the bark and/or leaves or a flower infusion is utilize locally for wounds, ulcers and skin sores. Flowers are profligately mashed and applied to painful eye conditions such as sun strain, conjunctivitis or eye injuries. Centuries ago, European adventurers, traders, and missionaries in the Amazon Basin took the much enjoyed and tasty fruits to Africa, Asia, India, and the Pacific tropical regions, so that it is now cultivated throughout the tropical regions of the world. Commercially the fruit is consumed fresh or used in the making of jams, jellies, paste or set jam, and juice.Guava leaves are in the Dutch Pharmacopoeia for the intervention of diarrhea, and the leaves are still used for diarrhea in Latin America, Central and West Africa, and Southeast Asia. In Peruvian herbal euphony dodges today the plant is employed for diarrhea , gastroenteritis, enteral worms, gastric disorders, vomiting, coughs, vaginal discharges, menstrual pain and hemorrhages, and edema. In Brazil guava is considered an astringent drying agent and diuretic and is used for the same conditions as in Peru.A decoction is excessively recommended as a gargle for sore throats, laryngitis and swelling of the mouth, and used externally for skin ulcers, and vaginal irritation and discharges. PLANT CHEMICALS Guava is rich in tannins, phenols, triterpenes, flavonoids, essential oils, saponins, carotenoids, lectins, vitamins, fiber and fatty acids. Guava fruit is high in vitamin C than citrus (80 mg of vitamin C in atomic number 6 g of fruit) and contains appreciable amounts of vitamin A as well. Guava fruits are similarly a good source of pectin a dietary fiber.The leaves of guava are rich in flavonoids, in particular, quercetin. Much of guavas therapeutic drill is attributed to these flavonoids. The flavonoids have demonstrate antibacte rial activity. Quercetin is persuasion to contribute to the anti-diarrhea piece of guava it is able to relax intestinal smooth muscle and inhibit bowel contractions. In addition, other flavonoids and triterpenes in guava leaves show antispasmodic activity. Guava also has antioxidant properties which is attributed to the polyphenols found in the leaves.Guavas main plant chemicals include alanine, alpha-humulene, alpha-hydroxyursolic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, alpha-selinene, amritoside, araban, arabinose, arabopyranosides, arjunolic acid, aromadendrene, ascorbic acid, ascorbigen, asiatic acid, aspartic acid, avicularin, benzaldehyde, butanal, carotenoids, caryophyllene, catechol-tannins, crataegolic acid, D-galactose, D-galacturonic acid, ellagic acid, ethyl octanoate, essential oils, flavonoids, gallic acid, glutamic acid, goreishic acid, guafine, guavacoumaric acid, guaijavarin, guajiverine, guajivolic acid, guajavolide, guavenoic acid, guajavanoic acid, histidine, hyperin, ilel atifol D, isoneriucoumaric acid, isoquercetin, jacoumaric acid, lectins, leucocyanidins, limonene, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, lysine, mecocyanin, myricetin, myristic acid, nerolidiol, obtusinin, octanol, oleanolic acid, oleic acid, oxalic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, pectin, polyphenols, psidiolic acid, quercetin, quercitrin, serine, sesquiguavene, tannins, terpenes, and ursolic acid. BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES AND CLINICAL RESEARCH The long history of guavas use has led modern-day researchers to study guava extracts. Its traditionalistic use for diarrhea, gastroenteritis and other digestive complaints has been validated in numerous clinical studies. A plant drug has even been developed from guava leaves (standardized to its quercetin content) for the treatment of acute diarrhea. Human clinical trials with the drug indicate its potentness in treating diarrhea in adults. Guava flip out extracts and fruit juice has also been clinically studied for immature diarrhea.In a c linical study with 62 infants with infantile rotaviral enteritis, the recovery rate was 3 days (87. 1%) in those treated with guava, and diarrhea ceased in a shorter time period than controls. It was reason out in the study that guava has good curative effect on infantile rotaviral enteritis. Guava has many different properties that contribute to its antidiarrheal effect it has been documented with pronounced antibacterial, antiamebic and antispasmodic activity. It has also shown to have a calm effect on intestinal smooth muscle, inhibit chemical processes found in diarrhea and aid in the re-absorption of water in the intestines.In other research, an alcoholic leaf extract was reported to have a morphine-like effect, by inhibiting the gastrointestinal release of chemicals in acute diarrheal disease. This morphine-like effect was thought to be related to the chemical quercetin. In addition, lectin chemicals in guava were shown to engage to E-coli (a common diarrhea-causing organi sm), preventing its adhesion to the intestinal wall and thus preventing infection (and resulting diarrhea). The effective use of guava in diarrhea, dysentery and gastroenteritis can also be related to guavas documented antibacterial properties. Bark and leaf extracts have shown to have in vitro toxic action against numerous bacteria.In several studies guava showed profound antibacterial activity against such common diarrhea-causing bacteria as Staphylococcus, Shigella, Salmonella, Bacillus, E. coli, Clostridium, and Pseudomonas. It has also demonstrated antifungal, anti-yeast (candida), anti-amebic, and antimalarial drug actions. In a recent study with dago go throughs (in 2003) Brazilian researchers reported that guava leaf extracts have numerous cause on the cardiovascular system which might be beneficial in treating irregular heat beat (arrhythmia). Previous research indicated guava leaf provided antioxidant personal effects beneficial to the centre of attention, heart prote ctive properties, and improved myocardial function.In two randomized human studies, the consumption of guava fruit for 12 weeks was shown to reduce blood pressure by an average 8 points, decrease original cholesterol levels by 9%, decrease triglycerides by almost 8%, and increase good HDL cholesterol by 8%. The effects were attributed to the high potassium and soluble fiber content of the fruit (however 1-2 pounds of fruit was consumed daily by the study subjects to obtain these results ). In other brute studies guava leaf extracts have evidenced moderating, sedative, and of import tense system (CNS) depressant activity, as well as a cough appetite suppressant actions. The fruit or fruit juice has been documented to lower lood colewort levels in normal and diabetic animals and humans. Most of these studies confirm the plants many uses in tropical herbal medicine systems. CURRENT PRACTICAL USES Guava, known as the poor mans apple of the tropics, has a long history of tradition al use, much of which is being validated by scientific research. It is a wonderful congenital remedy for diarrhea safe enough even for young children. For infants and children below the age of 2, just a cup daily of guava fruit juice is helpful for diarrhea. For older children and adults, a cup once or twice daily of a leaf decoction is the tropical herbal medicine standard. Though not widely available in the U. S. arket, tea-cut and powdered leaves can be obtained from larger health food stores or suppliers of bulk botanicals. Newer in the market are guava leaf extracts that are used in various herbal formulas for a myriad of purposes from herbal antibiotic and diarrhea formulas to bowel health and weight loss formulas. Toxicity studies with rats and mice, as well as controlled human studies show both the leaf and fruit to be safe and without side effects. GUAVA PLANT SUMMARY Main cooking Method decoction Main Actions (in order) antidysenteric, antiseptic, antibacterial, antisp asmodic, cardiotonic (tones, balances, strengthens the heart) Main Uses or dysentery (bacterial and amebic), diarrhea, colic, and infantile rotavirus enteritis as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial for internal and external bacterial, fungal, candidal, and amebic infections to tone, balance, protect and strengthen the heart (and for arrhythmia and roundwhat heart diseases) as a cough suppressant, analgesic (pain-reliever), and febrifuge (reduces fever) for colds, flu, sore throat, etc as a topical remedy for ear and eye infections Properties/Actions Documented by Research amebicide, analgesic (pain-reliever), antibacterial, anticandidal, antidysenteric, antifungal, antimalarial, antioxidant, antispasmodic, antiulcerous, cardiodepressant, cardiotonic (tones, balances, strengthens the heart), central nervous system depressant, cough suppressant, gastrototonic (tones, balances, strengthens the gastric tract), hypotensive (lowers blood ressure), sedative, vasoconstrictor Other Properties/ Actions Documented by Traditional Useanti-anxiety, anticonvulsant, antiseptic, astringent, blood cleanser, digestive stimulant, menstrual stimulant, nervine (balances/calms nerves), vermifuge (expels worms) Cautions It has a cardiac depressant effect and is contraindicated in nearwhat heart conditions. Traditional Preparation The fruit and juice is freely consumed for its peachy taste, nutritional benefit and nutrient content, as well as an effective childrens diarrhea remedy. The leaves are prepared in a standard decoction and dosages are generally 1 cup 1-3 times daily. ContraindicationsGuava has recently demonstrated cardiac depressant activity and should be used with caution by those on heart medications. Guava fruit has shown to lower blood sugar levels and it should be avoided by people with hypoglycemia. Drug Interactions None reported, however excessive or chronic consumption of guava may potentiate some heart medications. WORLDWIDE ETHNOMEDICAL USES Amazonia for diarrhea , dysentery, menstrual disorders, stomachache, vertigo Brazil for anorexia, cholera, diarrhea, digestive problems, dysentery, gastric insufficiency, inflamed mucous membranes, laryngitis, mouth(swelling), skin problems, sore throat, ulcers, vaginal discharge Cuba for colds, dysentery, upset stomach Ghana coughs, diarrhea, dysentery, toothache Haiti or dysentery, diarrhea, epilepsy, itch, piles, scabies, skin sores, sore throat, stomachache, wounds, and as an antiseptic and astringent India for anorexia, cerebral ailments, childbirth, chorea, convulsions, epilepsy, nephritis Malaya for dermatosis, diarrhea, epilepsy, hysteria, menstrual disorders Mexico for deafness, diarrhea, itch, scabies, stomachache, swelling, ulcer, worms, wounds Peru for conjunctivitis, cough, diarrhea, digestive problems, dysentery, edema, gout, hemorrhages, gastroenteritis, gastritis, lung problems, PMS, shock, vaginal discharge, vertigo, vomiting, worms Philippines for sores, wounds, and as an astringent Tr inidad bacterial infections, blood cleansing, diarrhea, dysenteryElsewhere for anorexia, aches, bacterial infections, boils, bowel disorders, bronchitis, catarrh, cholera, chorea, colds, colic, convulsions, coughs, diarrhea, dysentery, dyspepsia, edema, epilepsy, fever, gingivitis, hemorrhoids, itch, jaundice, menstrual problems, nausea, nephritis, respiratory problems, rheumatism, scabies, sore throat, spasms, sprains, stomach problems, swelling, tonic, toothache, ulcers, worms, wounds, and as an antiseptic and astringent References/Footnotes Conde Garcia, E. A. , et al. Inotropic effects of extracts of Psidium guajava L. (guava) leaves on the guinea pig atrium. Braz. J. of Med. &038 Biol. Res. 2003 36 661-668.Suntornsuk, L. , et al. Quantitation of vitamin C content in herbal juice using direct titration. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 2002 28(5) 849-55. Beckstrom-Sternberg, S. M. , et al. The phytochemical database. (ACEDB version 4. 3-Data version July 1994. ) interior(a) Germplasm Resources Laboratory (NGRL), Agricultural Research Service (ARS), U. S. Department of Agriculture. Jimenez-Escrig, A. , et al. Guava fruit (Psidium guajava L. ) as a new source of antioxidant dietary fiber. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2001 49(11) 5489-93. Smith, Nigel J. H. , et al. tropic Forests and their Crops. London Cornell University Press. 1992. Arima, H. , et al. Isolation of antimicrobial compounds from guava (Psidium guajava L. ) and their structural elucidation. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 2002 66(8) 1727-30. Morales, M. A. , et al. Calcium-antagonist effect of quercetin and its simile with the antispasmodic agent properties of Psidium guajava L. Arch. Med. Res. 1994 25(1) 17-21. Lozoya, X. , et al. Quercetin glycosides in Psidium guajava L. leaves and determination of a spasmolytic principle. Arch. Med. Res. 1994 25(1) 11-5. Begum, S. , et al. Triterpenoids from the leaves of Psidium guajava. Phytochemistry 2002 61(4) 399-403. Lozoya, X. , et al. Intestinal anti-spasmo dic effect of a phytodrug of Psidium guajava olia in the treatment of acute diarrheic disease. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2002 83(1-2) 19-24. Wei, L. , et al. Clinical study on treatment of infantile rotaviral enteritis with Psidium guajava L. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 2000 20(12) 893-5. Tona, L. , et al. Biological screening of traditional preparations from some medicinal plants used as antidiarrhoeal in Kinshasa, Congo. Phytomedicine 1999 6(1) 59-66. Lozoya, X. , et al. Model of intraluminal perfusion of the guinea pig ileum in vitro in the study of the antidiarrheal properties of the guava (Psidium guajava). Arch. Invest. Med. (Mex). 1990 21(2) 155-62. Almeida, C. E. , et al. Analysis of antidiarrhoeic effect of plants used in popular medicine. Rev. Saude Publica. 1995 29(6) 428-33. Lin, J. , et al. Anti-diarrhoeal evaluation of some medicinal plants used by Zulu traditional healers. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2002 79(1) 53-6. Lutterodt, G. D. Inhibition of Microlax-induced experi mental diarrhea with narcotic-like extracts of Psidium guajava leaf in rats. J. Ethnopharmacol. 1992 37(2) 151-7. Lutterodt, G. D. Inhibition of gastrointestinal release of acetylcholine by quercetin as a possible mode of action of Psidium guajava leaf extracts in the treatment of acute diarrhoeal disease. J. Ethnopharmcol. 1989 25(3) 235-47. Coutino-Rodriguez, R. et al, Lectins in fruits having gastrointestinal activity their participation in the hemagglutinating property of Escherichia coli O157H7. Arch. Med. Res. 2001 32(4) 251-7. Abdelrahim, S. I. , et al. Antimicrobial activity of Psidium guajava L. Fitoterapia 2002 73(7-8) 713-5. Holetz, F. B. , et al. Screening of some plants used in the Brazilian folk medicine for the treatment of infectious diseases. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz 2002 97(7) 1027-31. Caceres, A. , et al. Plants used in Guatemala for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. 1. Screening of 84 plants against enterobacteria. J. Ethnopharmacol. 1990 30(1) 55 -73. Garcia, S. et al, Inhibition of growth, enterotoxin production, and spore institution of Clostridium perfringens by extracts of medicinal plants. J. Food Prot. 2002 65(10) 1667-9. Tona, L. , et al. Antiamoebic and spasmolytic activities of extracts from some antidiarrhoeal traditional preparations used in Kinshasa, Congo. Phytomedicine 2000 7(1) 31-8. Tona, L. , et al. Antiamoebic and phytochemical screening of some Congolese medicinal plants. J. Ethnopharmacol. 1998 61(1) 57-65. Nundkumar, N. , et al. Studies on the antiplasmodial properties of some South African medicinal plants used as antimalarial remedies in Zulu folk medicine. Methods Find Exp. Clin. Pharmacol. 2002 24(7) 397-401. Yamashiro, S. , et al. Cardioprotective effects of extracts from Psidium guajava L. and Limonium wrigth II, Okinawan medicinal plants, against ischemia-reperfusion injury in perfused rat hearts. Pharmacology 2003 67(3) 128-35. Singh, R. B. , et al. Can guava fruit intake decrease blood pre ssure and blood lipids? J. Hum Hypertens. 1993 7(1) 33-8. Singh, R. B. , et al. effects of guava intake on serum total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and on systemic blood pressure. Am. J. Cardiol. 1992 70(15) 1287-91. Shaheen, H. M. , et al. Effect of Psidium guajava leaves on some aspects of the central nervous system in mice. Phytother. Res. 2000 14(2) 107-11. Lutterodt, G.D. , et al. Effects on mice locomotor activity of a narcotic-like principle from Psidium guajava leaves. J. Ethnopharmacol. 1988 24(2-3) 219-31. Jaiarj, P. , et al. Anticough and antimicrobial activities of Psidium guajava Linn. leaf extract. J. Ethnopharmacol. 1999 67(2) 203-12. Cheng, J. T. , et al. hypoglycemic effect of guava juice in mice and human subjects. Am. J. Clin. Med. 1983 11(1-4) 74-6. Roman-Ramos, R. , et al. Anti-hyperglycemic effect of some edible plants. J. Ethnopharmacol. 1995. The above text has been printed from The Healing Power of Rainforest Herbs by Leslie Taylor , copyrighted 2005 All rights reserved.No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information fund or retrieval system, including meshingsites, without written permission. The statements contained herein have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. The information contained in this plant database file is intend for education, entertainment and information purposes only. This information is not intended to be used to diagnose, prescribe or replace proper medical care. The plant exposit herein is not intended to treat, cure, diagnose, mitigate or prevent any disease. Please refer to our Conditions of Use for using this plant database file and web site. Copyrighted 1996 to present by Raintree Nutrition, Inc. , Carson City, NV